Nervous System Adaptation Essays - Anatomy, Muscular System

Nervous System Adaptation Adaptation plays a significant role in exercise development as seen by mental imagery, cross education, and coactivation. The body must establish and modify it's own neural network before it can strengthen. A weight lifter can improve his workouts by understanding the fundamentals of NSA. The nervous system plays a large role in how a muscle develops. For example Scientists have found that people who visualize their workouts can stimulate a significant amount of muscle growth. Although scientists would not advise solely visualized workouts they do stress the importance of good mental preparation to help physiological adaptation. Another example of how the nervous system effects muscle development is in cross education. When one injures a muscle often times the doctor will tell them to work the opposite uninjured muscle. This action will indirectly stimulate the injured muscle. When a novice weight lifter flexes a muscle, the opposing muscle restricts movement. After working out for a period of time, this misfiring of the neurons will dissipate. This phenomenon is known as coactivation. Also, in synchronization a novice weight lifter's movements will be shaky until his or her neural network has adjusted itself.

Traumatic Brain Injury Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Traumatic Brain Injury Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment Introduction Traumatic brain injury is caused by sudden external forces that have physical impact on the head and thus the brain. Impacts due to abrupt collisions on the head such as in case of accidents, falls or the being knocked can have adverse effects on the brain that may lead to traumatic brain injury. This paper seeks to discuss traumatic brain injury as a disability. The paper will look into the history of traumatic brain injury, its causes, diagnosis as well as its treatment.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Traumatic Brain Injury: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More History of traumatic brain injury Traumatic brain injury has a long history. Reference to traumatic brain injury has been made to periods of as early as the nineteenth century. Brain injuries had, by the times of civil wars, been identified and medical steps initiated to help people who suffered from such in juries. Knowledge about traumatic brain injury was in its development process in the nineteenth century following increased cases of injuries that were associated with the brain. The civil war that took place in the second half of the nineteenth century, between the years 1861 and 1865, made the cases of traumatic brain injury rampant. During the time, a lot of people, especially the ones who engaged in gun battles, suffered from gunshot injuries in the head. The low chances of survival due to these injuries were noted and measures taken to help save people who got such injuries. Measures such as pathophysiology had been developed and were being offered to those who suffered from such injuries. Developments of antiseptics were then the only available remedy for such injuries (David et al. 1). Causes of traumatic brain injury Traumatic brain injuries are caused by physical bombardment of the head with an object. Reported causes of these injuries include violent collisions, accidents and hobbies such as sports which may involve accidental knocking of the head. One of the main causes of the traumatic brain injury is accidents caused by motor vehicles. Motor vehicle accidents result in sudden motions and impacts that can lead to the head being knocked resulting to brain injuries. During an accident, a person’s head can be â€Å"stricken, suddenly jerked, or penetrated by a foreign object† (Brain 1). If such effects pass to the brain, then a traumatic brain injury may occur. The injury may be mild or severe depending on the degree of injury caused to the brain. Mild injuries may be temporary with inflicted short time unconsciousness while a severe traumatic brain injury causes prolonged and more extreme effects to the injured person. Motor vehicle accidents cause a large percent of total traumatic brain injuries reported.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A research conducted by Atlanta nation center for injury prevention and control conducted in the year 2006 indicated that about at least twenty percent of the reported traumatic brain injuries were due to motor vehicle accidents. In the research, over a million cases of traumatic injuries were reported in America out of which almost three hundred thousand were caused by motor vehicle accidents. The brain injuries encountered in these accidents constitutes the most severe category of traumatic brain injuries. This can be attributed to the fact that most of these accidents lead to high level impacts that exerts a lot of physical pressure on the brain (Brain 1). The effect of the motor vehicle accidents that leads to traumatic brain injuries results from biological properties of the brain that demands coordination among cells of the brain. One of the essentials of this coordination is the nerve system. In an event of an accident, this system may be strained d ue to pressure from sudden movement of the head or even collision of the head with objects in a vehicle or outside a vehicle in the process of the accident. The brain then loses coordination resulting in the injury. Another significant cause of traumatic brain injuries is falls. Though its effects are occasionally less severe, falls cause more cases of traumatic brain injuries as compared to motor vehicle accidents. While motor vehicle accidents cause about twenty percent of brain injuries in America, falls cause close to thirty percent. Falls can occur when a person slips or flips from a high level off the ground. It can also occur as a result of a violent knocks on the head as a result people in a fight or in social activities such as games. Falls account for a higher percentage of the injuries because they occur even in domestic settings. The extent of a brain injury as a result of a fall also varies depending on the nature of the fall. Injuries due to falls are, however, conside red to milder than those as a result of motor vehicle accidents. Other causes of traumatic brain injuries include usage of firearms, sports among others (Brain 1). Diagnosis of traumatic brain injury Some of the symptoms of brain injuries are similar to those of other complications and thus care should be taken during diagnosis to avoid confusing brain damage with other medical complications. One of the key characteristics of traumatic brain injury is â€Å"confusion and disorientation† (CDC 8) of the victim. A person who has developed a brain injury will realize a change into a sense of mental instability characterized by confusion in the activities of the victim.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Traumatic Brain Injury: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The change into this confusion is normally significant and distinguishable from the state of the person prior to the d evelopment of the complication. Unconsciousness that lasts for a long time is another feature that is associated with traumatic brain injury. The interference of the nerve systems in the brain causes lapses that send the victim into long durations of unconsciousness that can last to about half an hour. Higher susceptibility to coma is another indicator that can lead to traumatic brain damage being considered. Though all states of coma are not indicators of brain damage, higher scales, normally rated at thirteen and above, have been associated with traumatic brain injury. Experiences such as: â€Å"amnesia and neurological problems† (CDC 8) also point to possibility of brain injury (CDC 8). Other symptoms such as: â€Å"headaches, dizziness, insomnia, fatigue, nausea, blurred vision, seizures† (CDC 8) together with changes in a person’s behavior such as â€Å"irritability, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance† (CDC 8) among other characteristic symptoms are indicators of the presence of traumatic brain injury (CDC 8). Care should be taken before conclusive diagnosis into traumatic brain injury is pronounced because most of these symptoms are, independently or in some cases jointly, experienced in other complications (CDC 8). Treatment of traumatic brain injury Developments have not yet been made into a specific treatment of traumatic brain injury. Damages on the head vary to a great extent and a range of care is therefore necessary for the victims subject to specific brain damages. With no availability of treatment, victims are left to the possibility of recovering or rehabilitation if their injuries do not cause death. Mild injuries are recognized to respond to recovery care and this has led to a large percentage of victims regaining their complete health after suffering mild brain injury. It has been established that more than half of victims of mild to moderate traumatic brain injuries recover under counseling on how to deal wit h the injuries. Medical services are however available for controlling and treating other aspects of external injuries suffered in order to minimize brain injuries. Measures like â€Å"removal of foreign bodies, control of bleeding, or craniotomy to relieve pressure from swelling† (Edwards 6) are normally undertaken to control the extent of brain injury suffered from a head injury. Medical care that is available to victims of traumatic brain injury are therefore control measure to help in reducing the degree of damage as well as associated impacts of the injury (Edwards 6). Preventive measures are therefore the only sure alternative for controlling traumatic brain injury. Taking precautions to avoid or reduce accidents as well as their impacts is for example an effective measure in controlling traumatic brain injury (CDC 1).Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Traumatic brain injury is a medical complication that is caused by physical head injuries that penetrates into the brain. The complication can be identified through the symptoms it causes on the individual. Though no treatment has been developed for traumatic brain injury, measures are available for controlling the effects of the disability. Brain. Motor vehicle induced brain injury. Brain Spinal Cord Org, 2011. Web. CDC. Facts for physician about traumatic brain injury. Center for Disease Control, 2011. Web. David et al. The history and evolution of traumatic brain injury, rehabilitation in military service members and veterans. The History and Evolution of Traumatic Brain, 2010. Web. Edwards, Alan. Traumatic Brain Injury: Care and Treatment of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans. Washington, DC: DIANE Publishing. Print.

Research Critical Appraisal Article Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Critical Appraisal Article - Research Paper Example However, studies were selected with relevance to the various difference in culture, policy making, marginalization and difference in nursing practices among the groups. Demographic and methodological characteristics of study were used. Moreover, the use of methodical searches through the cumulative index to medicine and sociological abstract as a selection of study was used. During the study, the researchers should ensure that the outlined procedures can successfully help in achieving the objectives of the study. In order to achieve this, the list should be narrowed down to point only on specific facts and admirations (Xu, 2007). Further, during the study, the list was narrowed down into four main parts including the difference in nursing performances, discrimination, marginalization and exploitation, challenges in communication and the cultural differences. Documenting and examining of the experiences in pre-dominant subgroups contributed to reduction on the number of group members. Further, the list was narrowed down in relation to gender, race and culture that affect the work and life understandings. While carrying out research, appropriate selection of findings and facts is necessary. Appropriate section will always determine the type of the results possible to be achieved. Due to the fact that the study involved study in a strange land, the selection was based on the nurses from Asia and western countries. In order for the visitors to coop with cultural difference challenges, it was necessary for the selection to be made up of real members and the visitors. This could help in learning some cultural practices (Xu, 2007). Moreover, since there was limited level of experience among the immigrants nurses, the selection could be based on the immigrant’s nurses and the Asian nurses in order to share knowledge and understanding between them. Selection based on language

Solutions for Rising Sea Level Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Solutions for Rising Sea Level - Essay Example A secondary approach would therefore be to seek to find alternative means to integrate with the changing environment as a way to ensure survival and success for oneself and the progeny that one leaves behind. This brief essay will analyze three distinctly different options for this latter approach as well as commenting and discusses the means by which these would ultimately be accomplished. The first of these has to do with building artificial islands as a means of providing many of the low-lying Pacific islanders alternate dwelling places if sea levels continue to rise to the degree that they have. Although this may seem as a type of science fiction, history has proven that man-made islands have the possibility to both be created and support life within them (Vidal, 2011, Â ¶2). As such, this particular article, published in the Guardian in 2011, discusses the means whereby the leadership of several Pacific island groups are pursuing relevant information with regards to how they ca n construct or augment islands as a function of ameliorating the threat of the seemingly endless rise of sea level which poses such a direct and existential threat. Although the ideas that are put forward are imaginative, it is the belief of this author that they are both too fanciful and too costly to be put into practical application. A far more effective, albeit entirely destructive means which would engender the same effect would be to merely concentrate on building up the level of the existing island. Similarly, another approach that is illustrated by another article published by Climatewire in 2010 states that coastal regions and shareholders should immediately seek to build sea walls and other means to halt the rise and encroachment of the sea (Mulkerin, 2010, Â ¶29). This approach too is good in that it requires shareholders to be proactive towards seeking to find a unique solution to the challenge that rising sea levels engender. However, the key fault in such an approach is the fact that in order for it to be ultimately effective, it must be engaged upon by all shareholders in order to ameliorate the underlying problem of sea rises. However, a strength to such an approach is that it could ultimately save billions of dollars that would otherwise be required to build up the land to an acceptable height in order to stave off the encroachment of an advancing sea. Similarly, the final article discuses a litany of ways in which humanity might seek to integrate itself with the rise of sea levels rather than seeking to find all manner of expensive means to alleviate the effects of a rising sea. Naturally this poses many problems with regards to where the mass of humanity will live and how such a system could ultimately work; however, the author of this piece provides intriguing alternatives to include the possible and perhaps even probably development of an entirely new form of economy in which humanity will seek to become more tightly integrated with its e nvironment as well as finding new and constructive means to integrate his/her life with the sea. Such a level of symbiosis would not only help to provide for he further sustainment of humanity but could also help to avert any such future disasters such as the one which is currently being perpetrated with regards to global warming and the melting of the polar ice caps. Though each of the ideas that have been proposed bear a certain application as well as a level of promise to key groups, it is the belief of this author tht

Origanum Majorana Essential oil Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Origanum Majorana Essential oil - Research Paper Example Therefore some essential oils are used in order to fasten the overall recovery process of patients. Origanum Majorana Essential Oil is one of the them which is extracted from herbs; possessing relatively higher sedative, analgesic, anti-spasmodic, anti-fungal, anti-viral, expectorant, stimulant, disinfectant and calming effects (Marjoran, 2011). In this paper only one essential oil is discussed i.e. Origanum Majorana Oil with respect to the treatment of surgical ICU patients. Origanum Majorana is a Latin name for Marjoram which means ‘greater’ not because of some physical or chemical compositions but due to the ancient perception that the use of Origanum Majorana oil can increase lifespan of humans (Marjoram, 2012). This herb belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It has penetrating smell, slightly spicy taste and overall warm nature. Its chemical components include Thymol, Caryacrol, Pinenel, Camphor, Origanol, etc. The Origanum Majorana oil is extracted from its flowers. It is yellow in color and turns brown as it decomposes. It has some distinctive properties which makes it highly applicable for the treatment of surgical patients. These include (Marjoram, 2012): The oil has soothing and calming effect when consumed internally or when applied externally over the body. Its distinctive chemical composition helps in reducing stress. It provides relief to the muscle pain and throbbing. The oil has an ability to deal with the miseries of congestion and common cold. The warm and woody smell of the oil provides relaxation to human senses. Massage of Origanum Majorana releases pain during menstruation. It is also recommended for the treatment of insomnia as it regulates the functioning of nervous system. The oil is extensively used in body massage after sports. It provides warm effect to the body when used in hot bath. Description The Romans have categorized Origanum Majorana as the ‘herb of happiness’ and for the Greeks it was a key source of â⠂¬Ëœjoy to the mountains’ due to its sedative properties and an ability to reduce tension. Surgical patients experience tension before and after the surgery which is a natural phenomenon. However, the tension and emotional imbalance might lead to high blood pressure which can cause problems particularly during and after the surgery. Therefore it is the prime concern of medical professionals to reduce tension and mental stress of these patients. For this purpose several medicines and therapies are used. The application of Origanum Majorana essential oil

Housing Policy And Strategy Coursework Sociology Essay

Housing Policy And Strategy Coursework Sociology Essay The policy exchange think tank makes a compelling argument, for change is needed in such a time of economic uncertainty and Britains housing crisis could become stagnate and a generation could pass before resolve is found. The housing minister in England Grant Shapps said the proposal from the policy exchange was blindingly obvious but on the other hand Former Deputy Prime Minister Lord Prescott described it on Twitter as sanctioned gerrymandering (The Guardian Monday 20th August 2012 http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2012/aug/20/sell-social-housing-fund-homes) I believe a lot of things have to go to plan for this to follow through, planning procedures, cost of production and lack of delays, its al well and good making this suggestion but I believe its slightly flawed, I do agree with aspects but with the overall plan a lot more research would need done. Hosing associations have come down very hard on this recommendation to create the largest social house building programme since the 1970s the National Housing Federation described the idea as fundamentally flawed, some working people cannot afford their own home and with this recommendation warns these people will be out priced even in the private market. National Housing Federation chief Executive David Orr said, It could effectively cleanse many towns of hard working people who simply cant afford the high prices of buying or renting privately'(Rural Services Network 21st August 2012 http://www.rsnonline.org.uk/community/flawed-plan-to-sell-social-housing) All government has flaws, no matter who is in place, the conservatives who are in a coalition with the Liberal Democrats at this time do not benefit the poorer parts of society. From the 1980s when Margaret Thatcher was in power it seemed to be the case with social policy the rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer, when Labour came back into power near the late 90s I believe they did their best to even out this unfair balance within social society, now that the conservatives are back in power they have not changed their ways, with this policy recommendation the poorest in society will unfortunately bear the effects of this. Labour claim that the tories are failing to build social housing for the poorest people, under coalition government new social build and has falling by 91%, from 35;600 to 3,305 so for this policy think tank to suggest that 170,000 homes could be built between 2011 to 2015 is a mad suggestion giving that this 91% fall could not just be a one off for one year. Labour believe lack of planning permission and funding may not cause an upsurge any time soon. Also giving that the coalition government cut the capital grant for social housing by 63% in 2010 so why the sudden change in creating the largest social building programme since the 70s? (http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2012/aug/28/tories-failing-social-homes-labour) To back up the claim of this report not helping the poor, the report suggests that it will raise tenants standards of living but it does not highlight which tenants and which background they may come from, again John Prescott mentioned on twitter that the report amounted to trying to kick the poor out of the rich areas'(http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2012/08/20/policy-exchange-report-social-cleansing-council-homes-new-builds_n_1809141.html). I know in Northern Ireland we have had a divide for many years but this report seems to be causing a divide of a different sort one that could eventually have major effects on society in the future. To back my evidence up more, Liberal conspiracy highlights how the recommendation would make the UK a miserable place to live, with conservative not noticing social housing the last couple of years why is there a sudden urge to become involved in it? It highlights 4 factors why this would make the UK a miserable place the first factor being that communities that are mixed are more at peace with themselves and could live in harmony in an easier way. The second factor being segregated communities make it harder for poorer people to commute to work and would cause a lot more congestion and emission of vehicle fumes. Third factor being that once the social housing is sold it is almost certain that all the money wont be re invested back into social housing and the final factor being that this could cause a political advantage when it comes to elections. All of this worries many parts of society who cannot afford such housing in the future. ( http://liberalconspiracy.org/2012/08/20/policy- exchanges-latest-idea-would-make-the-uk-a-more-miserable-place/) The policy exchange asks why this idea had never been thought of before why has no one ever suggested this? Well as Jules Birch of Inside Housing explains that it conflicts with policy in the regeneration sector in areas throughout England, it would affect social divisions within education with the sale of housed the good schools will become more socially divided and education opportunities will be missed by other children. Most importantly it completely conflicts with any government attempt to maintain mixed communities. (http://www.insidehousing.co.uk/inside-edge/6502506.bloglead?yearmonth=2012.08) From my own point of view politics destroy society even if a government aims to do good for society in England there is always going to be opposition to a good deed, I believe money is good but money can also mean greed. And selling the housing would generate a great amount but I would not be too sure if that money would be re-invested back into social housing. This can be really frustrating for people especially those with financial difficulties. Its obvious that the best quality homes are not going to be the cheapest and with the conservative ideology, people from poorer backgrounds cannot be confident with selling off such a large stock of social homes. For society to be equal compromise has to be made in terms of education, type of shops available, and essentially housing and for this document to possibly cause segregation in this area then government has to take a long look at themselves before passing this through Westminster. With a coalition not only one but two parties have to see eye to eye for clarity to be reached in this issue. Each constituency has different priorities, so MPs are voting in by how that area lives and what is needed in the area but since the coalition began some politicians have been caught in the middle of a storm, this is especially the case for some Liberal democrats such as Simon Hughes where his constituency is full of social housing and in the past he has had very strong views in this area. But his problem is not the conservatives but his own party colleagues who may back the proposals along with the conservatives, the problem for Simon Hughes is that there is support coming from Liberal democrats such as Andrew Stunnell so Simon may have a political mountain to face in the future. (http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/wintour-and-watt/2010/nov/22/simon-hughes-council-housing) Each chapter that is highlighted in the policy is more of a statement of intent rather than a certainty, chapter one does make a valid point with a need for more social housing but is there only one solution? Chapter two states that the public does not agree with expensive social housing and want more homes, this is more a twist on words than the public demanding social housing to end. Being able to define expensive social housing in chapter 3 is a very vague term and for taking the expensive housing to be from the half way point of all properties I believe that this ideology to be wrong. The next chapter states that 20% of social housing is expensive is that really such a bad thing? Their proposal wouldnt really help expenditure costs or saving costs in the future. As for chapter six saying that there will be no negative effects. The way it says it could build 80,000 to 170,000 homes is a very vague statement it is a massive uncertainty. The final chapter says wider economic effects are positive I dont believe it is with the strategy that is set out and the fact that the policy think tank says that pushing reform though will help this process makes it even more laughable. This talk of the Big Society is a fairy tale story with the proposals to social housing and the impact of Welfare reform and the bedroom taxes which means people may have to downsize their property to they are not hit with an extra charge, there may be a problem in this area given the fact that there is a lack of single social housing occupancy so people will not be able to downsize and there is a problem with the imbalance between the North and south of England with the overcrowding taking place in the south and under occupancy in the North. A blog on the Red Pepper site highlights what they believe what is happening and what they see the future to be, a carefully planned PR operation by the Conservatives who dominate this Coalition to hide their real intentions of aggressively continuing and deepening the long-term assault on social housing and the welfare state that in many ways defined the Thatcherite project of neoliberalism. (http://www.redpepper.org.uk/how-the-conservatives-ru ined-social-housing/) It is as if the conservatives have always had this plan in the pipeline and it was just a matter of time before they unleashed their idea of a better future for society, but all of society does not agree. Overall it is clear to see my stance on this policy and my view of the possible future within society in England, common sense has to prevail at some stage, I do understand that there will be people who back this policy and have their arguments for this. Everyone is entitled to their opinion on this topic. At the same time I think it is a good thing that this was released because it has now become a hot topic and people are becoming more and more passionate about social housing, so even though I may not agree with the Think tank, they have at least put effort into the issue so it can become a serious issue and lots of debates will be held to resolve this issue. All this is possible but with another election not taking place until 2015, there may be scary times ahead for those who are the poorest in society.

Spiers Travel Agency Essay -- Organizational Structure

Abstract An organization functions from the mission statement and the organizational structure. These functions helps to make a company move smoother within departments, which is assigned to individuals that are responsible for overseeing that part of the organization. The organization is responsible with living out the purpose of their mission statement. The organizational structure reflects from the operative goals to help the organization function accordingly. Operative goals according to Daft, â€Å"are performance goals, resource goals, marketing goals, employee development goals, productivity goals, and goals for innovation and change† (p. 63-4), in which the Spier’s Travel Agency follows by in operating the company. The Organizational Structure: An Understanding of the Complexities of the Environment within an Organization The mission of Spier’s Travel Agency is designed to have an outstanding quality of professionalism and the utmost customer service. Also, to provide the magical experience of traveling of the desired customers. We are dedicated in helping our customers to have the best experience at their dream location at a low-cost. At Spier’s Travel Agency, we are confident that we can provide outstanding customer service to all costumers at all levels. The Spier’s Travel Agency reflects on five important task within the company. Those task are as follow, outstanding customer service, great relationships with our clients and employees, the quality of time management to provide the clients with their dreamed vacations, to provide low-cost rates, and overall happiness and satisfaction. All these goals are acted upon to provide the needed services and to accomplish the facts that are stated within the company’s mi... ...ws. With this company there is a great need to have a form set structure in order to continue with a success growth progress. The models of the organizational charts that were examined shows that there is room for growth as the company lives up to the goal, purpose, and mission of the agency. Spier’s Travel Agency has its structures where there should be little to no room for mistake, but there is no structure where mistakes would not happen within the company. Reference: Daft, R. L. (2008). Organization and Organization Theory. Organization theory and design 10(16). Mason,OH : Joe Sabatino. Daft, R. L. (2008). Organization and Organization Theory. Strategy, organization design, and effectiveness 10(62-4). Mason,OH : Joe Sabatino. Daft, R. L. (2008). Organization and Organization Theory. Fundamentals of organization structure 10(91).

Investments Worksheet Essay

Answer the following questions in at least 50 words each: What are the main differences between a 401K and a Roth IRA? One of the main differences between a 401K and an Roth IRA is that a 401k is offered by your employer, while the Roth IRA is something an individual seeks and funds on their own. With a 401K your employer contributes or matches what you are putting into your 401K. How would you explain the difference between a stock, a bond, and a mutual fund? A stock is like owning a piece of a company, you are investing your money into something that is your that can make you more money. A bond is like loaning money to a bank or the government and when they pay you back, they pay you back with interest. A mutual fund is like investing in something with a group of people. Everyone owns a piece of it and benefits from it if it grows. What are the risks and rewards of investing? For investors, risk comes in many forms. There’s the risk of a downturn in stock prices. There’s the risk that inflation will erode an asset’s purchasing power. There’s the risk of political instability affecting international markets, but without risk there is no rewards. Sometimes you have to take a higher risk to get a better reward. They say depending on age should be how much you should be willing to risk.

Biography of José Hernández, Former NASA Astronaut

Biography of Josà © Hernndez, Former NASA Astronaut Josà © Hernndez (born August 7, 1962) overcame enormous barriers to become one of the few  Latinos to serve as an astronaut for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Raised in a family of field workers, he nevertheless found support for his dreams and achieved his goal of space flight. Hernndez occasionally found himself in the midst of controversy because of his outspoken positions regarding Latin culture and immigration to the United States. Fast Facts: Josà © M. Hernndez Known For: Former NASA astronautBorn: August 7, 1962, in French Camp, CaliforniaParents: Julia Hernndez,  Salvador HernndezEducation:  University of the Pacific, University of California, Santa BarbaraAwards and Honors:  Hispanic Engineer National Achievement Award (1995), Society of Mexican American Engineers and Scientists Medalla de Oro (1999), U.S. Department of Energy  Outstanding Performance Commendation (2000), NASA Service Awards (2002, 2003), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Outstanding Engineer Award (2001)Spouse: Adelita HernandezChildren: Antonio, Vanessa, Karina, JulioPublished Works: Reaching for the Stars: The Inspiring Story of a Migrant Farmworker Turned AstronautNotable Quote: Now its my turn! Early Life Josà © Hernndez was born  on August 7, 1962, in French Camp, California. His parents Salvador and Julia were Mexican immigrant migrant workers. Each March, Hernndez, the youngest of four children, journeyed with his family from Michoacn, Mexico, to Southern California. Picking crops as they traveled, the family would then proceed north to Stockton, California. When Christmas approached, the family would head back to Mexico before returning to the U.S. in the spring.  He remarked in an interview for the NASA website, â€Å"Some kids might think it would be fun to travel like that, but we had to work. It wasn’t a vacation.†Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ At the urging of a second-grade teacher, Hernndez’s parents eventually settled in the Stockton area of California to provide their children with more structure. Despite being born in California, the Mexican-American Hernndez did not learn English until he was 12 years old. Aspiring Engineer In school, Hernndez enjoyed math and science. He decided he wanted to be an astronaut after watching the Apollo spacewalks on television. Hernndez was also drawn to the profession in 1980, when he found out that NASA had picked Costa Rican native Franklin Chang-Diaz, one of the first Hispanics to journey into space, as an astronaut. Hernndez said in a NASA interview that he, then a high school senior, still remembers the moment he heard the news. â€Å"I was hoeing a row of sugar beets in a field near Stockton, California, and I heard on my transistor radio that Franklin Chang-Diaz had been selected for the Astronaut Corps. I was already interested in science and engineering, but that was the moment I said, ‘I want to fly in space.’† After he finished high school, Hernndez studied electrical engineering at the University of the Pacific in Stockton. From there, he pursued graduate studies in engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Although his parents were migrant workers, Hernndez said they prioritized his education by making sure he completed his homework and studied consistently. â€Å"What I always say to Mexican parents, Latino parents is that we shouldn’t spend so much time going out with friends drinking beer and watching telenovelas, and should spend more time with our families and kids...challenging our kids to pursue dreams that may seem unreachable,† Hernndez said in a controversial interview with the Los Angles Times. Breaking Ground, Joining NASA Once he completed his studies, Hernndez landed a job with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1987. There, he engaged in work with a commercial partner that resulted in the creation of the first full-field digital mammography imaging system, used to spot breast cancer in its first stages. Hernndez followed his groundbreaking work at Lawrence Laboratory by closing in on his dream of becoming an astronaut. In 2001, he signed on as a NASA materials research engineer at Houston’s Johnson Space Center, helping with Space Shuttle and International Space Station missions. He went on to serve as the Materials and Processes Branch chief in 2002, a role he filled until NASA selected him for its space program in 2004. After applying for 12 straight years to enter the program, Hernndez was at long last headed to space. After undergoing physiological, flight, and water and wilderness survival training as well as training on Shuttle and International Space Station systems, Hernndez completed Astronaut Candidate Training in February 2006. Three-and-a-half years later, Hernndez journeyed on the STS-128 shuttle mission, during which he oversaw the transfer of more than 18,000 pounds of equipment between the shuttle and the International Space Station and helped with robotics operations, according to NASA. The STS-128 mission traveled more than 5.7 million miles in just under two weeks. Immigration Controversy After Hernndez returned from space, he found himself at the center of controversy. That’s because he commented on Mexican television that from space he enjoyed seeing the Earth without borders and called for comprehensive immigration reform, arguing that undocumented workers play an important role in the U.S. economy. His remarks reportedly displeased his NASA superiors, who were quick to point out that Hernndez’s views did not represent the organization as a whole. â€Å"I work for the U.S. government, but as an individual, I have a right to my personal opinions,† Hernndez said in a follow-up interview with the Los Angeles Times. â€Å"Having 12 million undocumented people here means there’s something wrong with the system, and the system needs to be fixed.† Beyond NASA After a 10-year run at NASA, Hernndez left the government agency in January 2011 to serve as executive director for Strategic Operations at aerospace company MEI Technologies Inc. in Houston. â€Å"Josà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s talent and dedication have contributed greatly to the agency, and he is an inspiration to many,† said Peggy Whitson, chief of the Astronaut Office at NASA’s Johnson Space Center. â€Å"We wish him all the best with this new phase of his career.† Sources Connelly, Richard. â€Å"Jose Hernandez, Astronaut Who Sparked Immigration Controversy, Retires from NASA.†Ã‚  Houston Press, 18 Jan. 2019.Dunbar, Brian. â€Å"Meet NASAs Future Explorer - Jose Hernandez.†Ã‚  NASA.NASA. â€Å"Astronaut Jose Hernandez Leaves NASA.†Ã‚  PR Newswire, 30 June 2018.Wall, Mike. â€Å"Migrant Farmer-Turned-Astronaut Jose Hernandez Leaves NASA.†Ã‚  Space.com, 17 Jan. 2011.Wilkinson, Tracy. â€Å"Mexican American Astronaut Isnt Changing Course on Immigration Stand.†Ã‚  Los Angeles Times, 17 Sept. 2009.

All we have to fear is fear itself essays

All we have to fear is fear itself essays All we have to fear is fear itself In his inaugural speech as President, Franklin Delano Roosevelt remarked, The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. Indeed these words very accurately describe the problems faced by the people of America from that time till December 1941. How deeply had this man, destined to become one of the most remembered of our presidents, thought before speaking these everlasting words on March 4, 1933? Roosevelt had in fact spoken what was actually realized eight years later when the Japanese army attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and brought the United States into the Second World War. Before expressing my views in favor of my convictions let me recall the exact words that I am going to talk about. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance. (FDR March 4 1933.) The cause of the fear that Franklin D. Roosevelt was referring to was the economic depression America was in when he took office. Roosevelt was warning America not to let their economy be paralyzed by the fears, which had overcome their reason and had made them over cautious about their actions. This might not have been completely understood at that time but FDR's warning was, no doubt, valid. The great depression had its roots in an era of prosperity. The nineteen twenties, were the years of genuine prosperity and real economic growth. Consumer economy was a new thing, and so was the confidence in growth. If we carefully examine the history of American economy, we find that it is characterized by crests and troughs: - that is alternating booms and slumps. But the people during the third decade of the twentieth century perhaps thought that the magic formula had been found and the good times of growth will last forever. The econom...

Effect of Mandated Testing on Education Research Paper

Effect of Mandated Testing on Education - Research Paper Example The consequences or sanctions vary in level of severity, but the implication is clear. They send vivid indications that the method gives a crystal picture of the student’s performance. However, some of the implemented tests may not offer a fair platform to pass judgment on the teachers or students using their performance results. In that, the tests may not offer full and fair credibility on the performers or the tutors. The following paper will show an elaborate analysis of articles touching on mandated testing and its effect in schools. Susan Ohanian, in her article, â€Å"Constraining Elementary Teachers' Work: Dilemmas and Paradoxes Created by State Mandated Testing,† scrutinizes this mode of testing in an elaborate manner. In her work, Susan is keen to provide the resultant effects of mandate testing on the affected individuals, who are teachers and students. She argues that teachers are pressured to act in ways that seem unprofessional to them. In turn, this forms a leading disadvantage of the program in schools. Subsequently, the teachers believe that their behavior will not yield fruits of success in the affected students. Moreover, they feel that they are acting in unprofessional ways as mandated testing seem to focus on Mathematics and English language arts more than the science-related disciplines (Ohanian, web). In addition, according to Susan’s article, the teachers do feel that the test pressure them to work the things the tests demands of the students instead of improving the student’s general performance. In relation to this, when the mandated test turns to asking the student for something previously not familiarized to the student, need to refocus ruptures. There is a need to refocus on things to feed the students’ minds, as the mandated tests requires. However, the article claim a more pressing matter is forcing the teachers to lose their professionalism. The teachers find themselves between helping the studen ts in elementary school and being loyal to their professional field. They feel that their professional training does not concur with the requirements of the mandated test. In order for a student to succeed in the mandated tests the teachers, have to comply with the requirements, which they feel they are not in line with their professional understanding of the curriculum. In turn, they end up ignoring their professional feelings and instead assist the students conform to the requirements of the mandated tests. On the other hand, within the same article, Susan reports of teachers who embraced the ideology of mandated tests and their effects. The teachers believe that the tests offer a comprehensive way of developing the writing, listening and reading skills of students. Moreover, these tests enable students to develop their thinking from a lower level to higher one. Within yet another article, by GreatSchools’ Staff, they record of reasons behind the tests from federal and stat e governments. They believe that the government offers these tests as a way of ensuring all students meet the standard level of the expected grades. As a way of encouraging students to pass in their tests, the government introduced mandated tests. In addition, they publish the results of the mandated tests giving everyone, including teachers, parents and students, an opportunity to view them and contemplate on the way

Practicum and Application #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Practicum and Application #2 - Essay Example elements of effective teaching that were being assessed included management of the classroom and planning of lessons, and educational psychology (Wubbels, 2012). From all the research carried out, it is undeniable that high standard early education for children makes them better prepared for success in other school subjects, later in their school lives (Kitzman & Gunzenhauser, 2012). This makes teaching at the PK-3 level a specialty, and therefore highly trained teachers with a vast knowledge concerning early childhood management. During the interview, my interviewee was commendable conversant with childhood development. She knew at least 90% of the pupils in her classroom in person and had even developed relations with their parents. The teachers are required to have not only instinctive, but also analytical knowledge concerning the personal development of a child (Ebert & Culver, 2013). This is an aspect that will help a teacher manage her students in the classroom without inflicting psychological harm. Research studies prove that youngsters educated by professionals acquire many benefits that will prepare them for future success. A teacher is required to use teaching methods that will be understood by all students (Wubbels, 2012). My interviewee used teaching methods such as classroom reading and use of literature that was simple enough to be understood by all (Moss & Lapp, 2010). This is in consideration of the possible immigrant students. The learning environment is another factor that should be taken se riously (Kitzman & Gunzenhauser, 2012). The teacher should make effort to enhance the learning environment as much as possible. The teacher should use all types of teaching methods to ensure a vast field of understanding. Some children are better at visual studies than others are, while others capture theoretical teaching habits better. It is therefore important for a kindergarten teacher to apply all these methods where possible to ensure that all the pupils